New Delhi  :

A 14th century monument, Tomb of Khan Shahid, located inside the Mehrauli Archaeological Park was defaced and whitewashed some days ago. The monument, protected by the Archaeological Survey of India, used to be brown in colour. Now it has been painted white. Other smaller monuments in the park have also been encroached upon.

“This monument was notified as ‘protected’ in 2008-09,” said an official with INTACH.

Khan Shahid was the son of Ghiyas-ud-din Balban, the ninth Sultan of the Mamluk dynasty during the Delhi Sultanat period. There are around 60 monuments in the Mehrauli Park, spread over 200 acres. The park’s land is owned by Delhi Development Authority but officials say their responsibility is only to maintain the park. “These monuments are ASI’s responsibility, not ours,” a DDA spokesperson said.

ASI officials were not aware of the monument’s status. “We don’t know whether ASI, Delhi Wakf Board or DDA is responsible for it,” said Deepak Bhardwaj, a surveyor with ASI Delhi.

The tomb could well become a cause of contention between different institutions. As per ASI, DDA is the land-owning agency and even outside the park DDA boards have been put up. However, on the freshly white-painted walls, one could see Delhi Wakf Board written in black.

“We didn’t send any painter to this site. But if it is Delhi Wakf Board property then we have the right over it and repair work can be carried out,” said Rana Siddique, chairperson, Delhi Wakf Board.

The tomb is supported on 12 Delhi quartzite columns and is covered with a vaulted roof of brick and plaster. The enclosure measures 4.85m by 3.85m. Hidden by thick vegetation, it isn’t easily accessible. It is easy to miss the turn leading to the tomb as the small plants market on Anuvrat Marg has encroached upon the pavements and the road leading to it.

The structure had undergone conservation work in 1998 as a part of the INTACH Delhi Chapter under the project on 20 monuments within the area. The columns have engraved capitals and the ceiling has inscriptions, geometric and floral motifs in plaster. All this is now hidden under the white coat of paint. Even the tomb is in shambles and needs immediate repair.

“Last week it came to our notice that the tomb and other small monuments in the enclosure are all painted white. It isn’t even maintained well,” the INTACH official said.

There is a mosque and a graveyard in the same compound. One could see people drying clothes on the roof of another small monument next to the mosque. Some people also live inside the mosque. “We are living here for some years now,” said one of them. The encroachers confirmed that last week two painters came and daubed it in white.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / Home> City> Delhi / by Maria Akram, TNN / March 17th, 2015

Nawab Safdarjang’s tomb used to be a place of halt for the Tazia procession from the Walled City before it ended at the Karbala in present-day Jorbagh

Many have admired Safdarjang Tomb as the last flickering lamp of Mughal architecture but it was left to Dulcie Hamilton, a passing-by travel writer from Melbourne, to remark that it was like “an inverted lotus, just the opposite of the latter-day Baha’i Lotus Temple” (in an age when the Lotus symbol is politically abloom). Both the structures incidentally have an Iranian link as the founders of the Baha’i faith, the “Bab” and Bahaullah belonged to Iran while Nawab Safdarjang also had Iranian antecedents. For this reason, his last resting place occupied pride of place in Jorbagh, the Shia cemetery that extended up to it at one time and was second in importance only to the (Hazrat Ali) Qadam Sharif shrine set up by Qudsia Begum, the wife of Mohammad Shah in the 18th Century. Safdarjang was the Vazir at her husband’s court and later that of her son. It should be no surprise, therefore, that the tomb took pride of place during the Moharrum mourning for Imam Hussain.

The tazia processions that came from the Walled City made their first halt at the palace of Mahabat Khan, behind his contemporary Abdun Nabi’s masjid in the present ITO area and the next one at Safdarjang’s Tomb before finally ending at the Karbala. Mahabat Khan’s mahal does not exist now but his grave is there in Jorbagh.

Another interesting fact that few know about is that Safdarjang’s first Urs or death anniversary saw many Shia divines arriving in Delhi from Oudh and surprisingly enough, a qawwali was also held at the behest of his son and successor, Nawab Shujauddaulah who was reputed to have the longest moustaches in the Mughal empire. He aided Ahmed Shah Abdali in the third Battle of Panipat in which the Maratha confederacy led by the imperious Sadashiv Rao “Bhau” lost. After that Shujauddaulah’s clout in the Mughal durbar increased with the arrival in Delhi from Allahabad of Shah Alam (designated emperor by Abdali).

Safdarjang’s mausoleum, designed on the pattern of Humayun’s Tomb, is a poor imitation. The three-storey tomb in fawn-coloured stone also bears a faint resemblance to Akbar’s mausoleum at Sikandra, but lacks the magnificence of the latter. Even so it is an interesting monument, situated amidst a garden of 300 square yards, and enclosed by a wall at the corners of which stand octagonal towers and a central dome, rising above a 16-sided drum.

Arcaded pavilions, named Moti Mahal, Badshah Prasad and Jangli Mahal, have been, constructed on the northern, southern and eastern sides, like the pavilions in the outer quadrangle of the Taj. It is believed that these were meant for the accommodation of nobles who visited the mausoleum. The tomb has a carved cenotaph in the central chamber within which is another chamber containing two unmarked graves, both with earthen mounds above them. In it lie buried Mirza Muquin, Abul Mansoor Khan Safdarjang, and his wife Banu Begum. The monument was built by Shujauddaulah at a cost of Rs.3 lakhs with a lot of marble and other material being pinched from the mausoleum of the Khan-e-Khanan and other Mughal buildings.

Safdarjang was the head of the Shia Irani Party at the court of Ahmed Shah (1748-1754). His opponents were the leaders of the Sunni Turani party headed by Imtiaz-uddaulah and Imadad-ul-Mulk. Safdarjang, who had succeeded Burhan-ul-Mulk as Nawab of Oudh, died at Faizabad in 1754 and his body was brought to Delhi, for though he had to leave the Mughal court in disgrace after trying to play kingmaker, he nevertheless pined for his days of grandeur in the Capital and desired to be laid to rest there. His mausoleum has a mix of Mughal, Rajput, Iranian and Egyptian architectural patterns jostling for space.

Even so, it attracts a lot of tourists but these days, the water channels – a notable feature – are dry which is a turn-off. The renovation work has been done only on some portions with others are still badly in need of repairs. When one visited the tomb recently under overcast skies, one wondered if yesteryear music ‘mehfils’ could be revived and tazia processions made to converge on it either at Moharrum or Chhelum for the halim dish break that used to replenish the fatigued ‘Akharas’ or sword and lathi-wielding squads in the past. One thing that Safdarjang couldn’t have dreamt about is that 261 years after death his memory would be enshrined not only in the Maqbara but also in the airport, road, hospital and enclave named after him by a generous posterity which only has a nodding acquaintanceship with him.

The author is a veteran chronicler of Delhi.

source: http://www.thehindu.com / The Hindu / Home> Features> MetroPlus / by R.V. Smith / March 15th, 2015