Category Archives: World Opinion

Creative collaborations

The father-son duo may not share the same calling, but are not averse to sharing notes on their respective artistic pursuits

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It was going to be different. This meeting. Artist Yusuf Arakkal, famous for his all-black attire as he is for his intense paintings, was dressed in pristine white kurta pyjama. “Don’t I look good?” he asks, leading the way to his large studio bathed in white light from huge north-facing windows. Paintings worth colossal amounts of money are stacked against the wall — some still await the maestro’s final touch.

Shibu, Arakkal’s only child, walks up to one of Arakkal’s paintings — an unnamed abstract — and wipes away a disturbing speck of dust. He then stands back and looks — not at the painting, but at the spot that he’s just cleaned. “I had no interest in art,” he says.

Arakkal cuts in: “In fact, I was worried that he would become an artist. I didn’t want him to be one. He would’ve been subjected to unfair comparisons.” There’s a reason behind Arakkal’s fear.

It was 1983. Arakkal was bestowed the National Award in Delhi along with Shamshad Husain, son of the legendary MF Husain. “After receiving the award,” recalls Arakkal, “we were walking back together when we overheard an artist say, ‘Baap ka beta hai isliye award le gaya.’ (He is THE father’s son, that’s why he took the award). That was terribly unfair to Shamshad.”

Arakkal never wanted Shibu to be subjected to such derision. He needn’t have worried.

Shibu’s calling was different. He wanted to become a photographer, but he didn’t know it at that time. Back then he wanted to be a football player, cricket player and also “an IAF pilot”.

He was a curious child, remembers the father. When he was two-years-old Shibu ripped off the film from his father’s Praktica camera and declared: “There is nothing to see.” Arakkal laughs, remembering the incident.

When he was in the eighth standard, Shibu was enamored by his father’s photographer friend, Regis Richard’s tiny camera. “It was almost like a spy camera,” recalls Shibu. He bombarded Richard with questions. And before he left the city, Richard gifted Shibu his Asahi Pentax 110 camera. “It was my first camera. Ever,” says Shibu.

However, Arakkal was convinced about his son’s talent as a photographer only when he saw a photo of a tiger clicked by him for an inter-college competition. “I looked at it and knew at once that this boy understood lighting,” says Arakkal, whose paintings are renowned for their artistic show of light and shadows. Shibu won the competition for the next three years in a row. “He had begun his journey that led him down an arduous route reserved for artists,” explains Arakkal.

The Arakkals discuss their works with each other freely. Shibu’s panoramic work from his series Passing By occupy pride of place at the Arakkal’s home. Jostling for attention is his baby portrait done by Arakkal during an eclipse when a four-year-old Shibu was more inclined to peer at the sun. “It was a way to keep him indoors and still by asking him to pose for me,” says Arakkal.

The duo might not agree on many things in life, but they firmly believe that to be an artist one has to have in-depth technical knowledge. As an art student at the Chitrakala Parishad College, Arakkal remembers his teachers sending them out “into the world to do live sketching” — 50 sketches a week and 10 watercolour paintings were the norm. The first thing he did after graduating in 1973 was to destroy most of his works done as a student. “I didn’t want to be burdened by those works and wanted to start afresh,” he says.

He then painted eight paintings — and several collages and collographs — depicting abstract and religious themes — and had his first solo show at the Alliance Francaise in 1975. It was a sell-out. “Today, students regularly hold solo shows even while learning art. There is a big hurry,” feels Arakkal. Shibu says the same is true of his world. “Half of the photographers have not seen a dark room and many do not understand the depth of photography.”

Father and son share the creative realm but their approach to it is different. “I am not emotional like him,” says Shibu. That could be because their early, impressionable years were diverse. Arakkal, from the royal Arakkal family in Kerala, had run away from home at 16. He wanted to be an artist. For two years he roamed the streets of Bangalore — unwilling to let go of his dream. “If I am an artist today, it is because I was stubborn about my dream,” says Arakkal. “He is the most stubborn person in our family,” laughs Shibu. His two-year-old daughter Zarah, he says, displays her grandfather’s stubborn streak. “Probably taking after him,” he says.

When Shibu recently won the Florence Biennale Gold Medal (2013) for his Constructing Life, Arakkal’s heart swelled with fatherly pride. The son had made a place for himself under the sun, away from his father’s colossal shadows. But there were detractors. Some of them commented that Shibu got the award because his father had influenced the jury. “Dad wanted to clarify but I told him not to,” says Shibu. “I rather focus on my work than answering them.” Arakkal nods in agreement. His son has indeed charted his own path.

source: http://www.bangaloremirror.com / Bangalore Mirror / Home> Columns> Sunday Read / by Jayanthi Madhukar, Bangalore Mirror Bureau / April 12th, 2014

Irrfan Khan scores over ‘The Grandmaster’

Irrfan Khan has just returned from Macau with the best actor and best screenplay trophies for The Lunchbox at the Asian Film Awards. 

Irrfan Khan
Irrfan Khan

What makes this award precious is that he beat Toni Chiu Wai Leung who was nominated in the best actor category for the Wong Kar Wai film, The Grandmaster.

“I’ve loved Toni’s work—Hero, In the Mood for Love, Chunking Express, Infernal Affairs and The Grandmaster. Even Ang Lee was impressed with The Grandmaster, which picked up the best film and best costume awards. Just being nominated with Toni was an honour,” he exults.

“What’s more encouraging is that The Lunchbox is growing everyday. It has released in around six countries, will open in 63 more. It’s just released in the UK, is growing bigger in the US, and has made a million in Hong Kong. This has never happened for an Indian film. It’s not patronised by only NRIs but the foreign market too.”

Still disappointed about missing out on the Oscar glory? “I was, for a day or two. Now, I’m happy the film is getting its due all over the world,” he asserts.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / Home> Entertainment> Bollywood / by Roshmila Bhattacharya, Mumbai Mirror / March 29th, 2014

Indian scientist gets Order of Merit from German government

Hyderabad :

Eminent Indian scientist Prof Seyed E Hasnain has bagged the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Germany. He served as the founder-director of Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD) and vice-chancellor of University of Hyderabad.

The award has conferred on Prof Hasnain in recognition of his contribution to Indo-German relations. The Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany was instituted in 1951 by Federal President Theodor Heuss. It is the only honour that is awarded in all fields of endeavour and is the highest tribute the Federal Republic of Germany can pay to individuals for services to the nation.

German Ambassador to India, H E Michael Steiner, conferred the prestigious ‘Bundesverdienstkreuz’ on Prof. Seyed Hasnain at the German Embassy in India, says a statement from the University of Hyderabad on Thursday. Prof. Hasnain is a renowned microbiologist especially acclaimed for his path-breaking research on tuberculosis. He paved the way for the office of the German Research Foundation in India, which is one of the key forums for scientific cooperation between Germany and India. During his stay at the Robert Koch-Institute in Berlin and the University of Wurzburg, he produced remarkable research results in microbiology.

Prof. Hasnain has almost all major Indian Science Awards to his credit: GD Birla Award, Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, FICCI Award, J.C. Bose National Fellow Award, Ranbaxy Research Award, Goyal Award, Bhasin Award and several others. He is the first Indian elected member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and one of the youngest to be elected Fellow of TWAS, Trieste, Italy. Internationally, Prof. Hasnain is a recipient of the prestigious Humboldt Research Prize, awarded by the Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation, Germany; as well as the very exclusive Robert Koch Fellowship, of the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / Home> City> Hyderabad / by Syed Akbar, TNN / March 13th, 2014

Britain’s Royal Mail releases stamp on Noor Inayat Khan

Britain’s Royal Mail Monday issued a postage stamp of Noor Inayat Khan, the World War II heroine, who was a descendant of Tipu Sultan, the remarkable 19th century ruler of Mysore kingdom.

The stamp – part of a set of 10 stamps in their ‘Remarkable Lives’ series — honours Noor on her centenary year of birth. Others honoured in the set include actor Sir Alec Guinness and the poet Dylan Thomas.

“I am delighted that Royal Mail has commemorated Noor with a stamp,” said Shrabani Basu, author of “Spy Princess, The Life of Noor Inayat Khan”, and the chair of the Noor Inayat Khan Memorial Trust. “It will ensure that her sacrifice and bravery will not be forgotten. ”

Basu campaigned for a memorial for Noor which was unveiled in November 2012 by Princess Anne.

Noor Inayat Khan was born in Moscow in January 1914 to an Indian father, Hazrat Inayat Khan, and an American mother, Ora Ray Baker. The couple had met in the Ramakrishna Mission ashram in America. Hazrat Inayat Khan was a Sufi preacher and musician and travelled the world taking Sufism to the West.

Noor was brought up in Paris and the family moved to London when the city was occupied by the Germans in 1940 during the Second World War. In London, Noor joined the Women’s Auxiliary Air Force and was later recruited for the Special Operations Executive, a secret organisation started by Prime Minister Winston Churchill.

She was the first woman radio operator to be flown undercover to Paris and worked from there for three months under the code name Madeleine. However she was betrayed, arrested and finally executed in Dachau Concentration Camp in Germany. Though she was tortured and interrogated, she revealed nothing, not even her real name. Her last word as they shot her was “Liberte”! She was only 30.

Noor was posthumously awarded the highest honour, the George Cross, by Britain. France awarded her the Croix de Guerre.

In 2006, President Pranab Mukherjee, then the defence minister of India, paid an official visit to Noor’s family house outside Paris and described her bravery and sacrifice as “inspirational”.

source: http://www.mea.gov.in / Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India / Home> Media Centre> Articles> Articles in Foreign Media / Malaysia Sun / March 25th, 2014

Fareed Zakaria : Acclaimed Journalist

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Fareed Zakaria is a prominent Indian-American journalist and author.

Early life
Zakaria was born in Mumbai on the 20th of January  1964 to parents Rafiq Zakaria, a politician and  Islamic scholar, and Fatima Zakaria, who was the editor of the Sunday Times of India at that time. In his younger days, he was enrolled in Mumbai’s Cathedral and John Connon School.

Zakarai also enrolled into Yale University, where he participated actively in numerous unions and societies. He was the President of the Yale Political Union, the editor-in-chief of the Yale Political Monthly, and a member of the Scroll and Key society and Party of the Right.

Zakarai graduated from Yale University with Bachelor in Arts. In 1993, he also obtained a P.hD from Harvard University in Political Science.

Career
At the young age of 28, Zakaria became the managing editor of Foreign Affairs magazine. He held this post for 8 years, before he became the editor of Newsweek International in 2000. During his stint at Newsweek, he wrote his award winning article, Why They Hate Us, which appeared as a headline story on the cover of the October 2001 issue.

Since 2008, Zakaria has also been hosting Fareed Zakaria GPS, which airs worldwide on CNN. He has interviewed numerous high profile leaders and personalities on his show like Barack Obama, King Abdullah II, Dmitry Medvedev, Muammar Gaddafi and the Dalai Lama.

Fareed Zakaria GPS is broadcasted in approximately 200 million homes across the globe and received an Emmy nomination in its first year.

Zakaria has written best-selling books like From Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of America’s World RoleThe Future of Freedom, and The Post-American World. He was also the co-editor of The American Encounter: The United States and the Making of the Modern World.

Awards
The Anti-Defamation League awarded Zakaria with a Hubert H. Humphrey First Amendment Freedoms Prize in 2005. However, he returned the award to the ADL as a sign of protest after the organisation opposed the building of an Islamic centre  two blocks away from Ground Zero.

In 2010, Zakaria received the the Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian award in the Republic of India, by the Government of India. In the same year, he was named as one of the top 100 global thinkers by Foreign Policy. Zakaria also received a National Magazine Award that year.

Personal life
Zakaria is married to Paula Throckmorton Zakaria, with whom he has one son, Omar and two daughters, Lila and Sofia. Zakaria, a naturalised American citizen, lives with his family in New York.

This biography will be updated regularly.

References

Fareed Zakaria Website

source: http://www.southasiandiaspora.org / Home> Author, People / by Jaclyn / August 02nd, 2012

India-born British ‘curry queen’ hunts for new backers

London :

An India-born British ‘curry queen’ who made her name supplying ready-made Indian meals to supermarkets and pubs in the UK is looking for new backers for her food empire.

Perween Warsi, who moved to the UK from India in the 1970s, wants to expand her S&A Foods firm with an injection of fresh funds.

Advisers from PriceWaterhouseCoopers firm have been hired to lead the search for the company, she set up nearly 30 years ago, from her kitchen, according to the Sunday Times.

The Derby-based caterer, which has 600 staff, makes Indian curry dishes for UK supermarkets including the chain Asda, its biggest customer.

Sales last year were 51 million pounds with pre-tax profits of almost £700,000.

Warsi was famously inspired to start the company after being appalled by the quality of a samosa she had bought from a supermarket.

She founded S&A Foods in 1986 by supplying her local Indian takeaway and the following year had her big break after persuading several large grocery chains to include her food in a series of taste tests.

Warsi was producing the curries from home but, after beating several established food manufacturers in the tests, was persuaded to open a factory.

She was honoured with a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 2002.

S&A Foods confirmed it was “seeking partners” to fund future expansion and new production facilities.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / Home> NRI> Other News / by PTI / March 09th, 2014

Turkish delights

A cold mezze platter. / Photo: K. Ramesh Babu / The Hindu
A cold mezze platter. / Photo: K. Ramesh Babu / The Hindu

The Turkish food festival at Park Hyatt offers a lot more than the staple doner kebab

The connection between Hyderabad and Turkey goes back a few centuries; Alauddin Khilji of the Khilji dynasty which ruled the state in the 14th century was of Turkic origin, Sultan Quli Qutb Shah who founded the Qutb Shahi dynasty too was of the same ethnicity, Princess Durre Shehvar, wife of Azam Jah, the eldest son of the seventh Nizam of Hyderabad is the daughter of the last Caliph of Turkey and more recently, Princess Esra, wife of Prince Mukarram Jah too hails from the country.

Surprisingly, while Hyderabad still retains much of the Mughlai and Iranian influence when it comes to culinary matters, Turkish food still remains quite different in flavour, ingredients and in technique. Moreover, while Mediterranean food is quite popular in the city, the fare is restricted to Lebanese, Greek and Italian, with the latter being present in almost every restaurant. So we head, all excited, to the Turkish food festival at The Dining Room in Park Hyatt with Turkish chef Turgut Tonbol from the Grand Hyatt in Istanbul. We sit down with the chef, who hails from Bolu, a province which he informs us is a region known for its contribution to Turkish culinary heritage.

“Turkish food mainly consists of the cold mezze and grilled or boiled meat,” he informs us, “but we also have a lot of broad beans, chickpeas and lots of soups in the diet.” Hyderabadis are no strangers to the cold mezze platter which has become a staple in many multi-cuisine and continental restaurants but the platter offered by Chef Tonbol has more than the usual Hummus and Tzatziki. The most interesting of these is the vine leaves, stuffed with rice, nuts and spices doused in olive oil. The platter also contains a simple preparation with broad beans and a mild chilli sauce. The freshly baked pita bread goes well with all or any of these accompaniments.

The cold mezze includes mainly vegetarian dishes. “In Turkey, we don’t have meat for mezze. It is only vegetables,” points out Chef Tonbol who says that the festival includes at least one dish from all the different culinary traditions in Turkey.

Chef Turgut Tonbol./  Photo: K. Ramesh Babu / The  Hindu
Chef Turgut Tonbol./ Photo: K. Ramesh Babu / The Hindu

Ask Chef Tonbol what his favourite dish of the afternoon is and he doesn’t think too much before naming the Shrimp Guvec, a mild stew spiced with chilli and herbs. He also suggests the Chicken Sheesh, a grilled meat dish very similar to our own kebabs, except it is marinated with a special Turkish red chilli, a milder version of the Indian chilli. “It is more similar to Kashmiri chilli which is bright in colour but less spicy in taste,” he informs adding jokingly that to eat Indian food, you “must be a strong man” to be able to take the level of spice. “The Yayla soup, a yoghurt based soup with mint, rice and egg is also a uniquely Turkish dish and a must try.”

Desserts include the favourite Baklava, a Turkish rice pudding and Turkish pumpkin, a simple but fresh and tasty dessert of sweetened pumpkin and cream cheese. But whatever you may pick for the main course, Chef Tonbol advises that you don’t leave without savouring the Turkish coffee accompanied by Turkish delights. The strong black coffee is a must after a meal, “for the gossip sessions”.

source: http://www.thehindu.com / The Hindu / Home> Features> MetroPlus> Food / by Zeenab Aneez / Hyderabad – March 13th, 2014

Mazars of Delhi poets… a grave story

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WHILE THE last resting place of Sheikh Ibrahim Zauq in Paharganj has been restored some respectability, thanks to the Supreme Court’s intervention, the graves of Khwaja Mir Dard and Hakim Momin Khan Momin behind the Maulana Azad Medical College are still a picture of neglect. It’s high time something was done to save them.

Mir Dard Road leads to the grave of the great Urdu poet, but the land surrounding it has been sold by the unscrupulous, and palatial buildings have come up around it, leaving only a small plot for the mazar. The grave of Momin is within a boundary wall, along with the graves of Shah Walliullah, the saint whom the poet held in high reverence, and members of the Shah’s family.

Over 40 years ago the hilly land near the grave was bulldozed and plans made to do away with the mazars. A great lover of Momin, Sher Ali Mewati heard of this and came from Mewat (Haryana) to save them. It is said that he lay on the road in front of Teen Murti House and did not get up even when Pandit Nehru was being driven out in his car.

Nehru got down from the vehicle and enquired what the matter was. When Sher Ali told him that the graves of Shah Walliullah and Momin were about to be bulldozed, the Prime Minister got very upset and drove to the spot. The demolition was immediately halted, and later Sher Ali Mewati was able to get the mazars repaired and enclosed in a boundary wall.

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The area where this kabristan is situated is known as Mehdian. Sher Ali Mewati, they say, actually lay before a bulldozer to stop the demolition and his leg was fractured in the process. Whatever may be the truth, the area needs another man like him to preserve it from encroachment.

Khwaja Mir Dard was born in 1719 in Delhi and died on January 7, 1785. “Mysticism ran in the family, for he was descended on his father’s side from Khwaja Baha-ud-Din Naqshbandi, and on the mother’s side from Hazrat Ghaus-e-Azam,” says Professor Muhammad Sadiq.”Dard studied theology with his father, and learnt the art of poetry from Khan-e-Arzu. For some time he was in the army, but he gave it up to lead a life of retirement and study and, at 39, on his father’s death, succeeded him as the head of a sanctuary.”

The vanity and unreality of life and its joys and sorrows, unity of existence, the greatness of man in the hierarchy of life, the mirage of the intellect, praise of intuition, the extinction of self and suspicion of worldly life, pietism, contentment, resignation – nearly one third of his poetry is devoted to these ideas.

Professor Sadiq says that Momin Sadiq’s ancestors had migrated from Kashmir to Delhi. “His father, Hakim Ghulam Nabi, was a physician of note and connected with the imperial court. Momin was born in 1800 and was given that name at the instance of his father’s spiritual guide, Shah `Abdul’ Aziz. His education had been thorough and systematic, as is proved by the embarrassing profusion of technical terms pertaining to medicine, astronomy, mathematics, music, etc., in his qasidas. A man of pleasure in his youth, he forswore his Bohemian ways when he became a disciple of Sayyid Ahmed of Rae Bareily, but he was far too human to sink into a dour puritan. The fruits of his conversion can be studied in his Masnavi-e-Jahadiyya and a few other pieces. He died in 1851.”

Momin is said to have predicted his death in verse, as he was also a najoomi (astronomer-cum-astrologer), saying he would end up with broken arms and legs (“dast-o-bazu”). This is actually what happened years later when he fell from a ladder and died after nine days. His famous couplet, “Tum mere pas hote ho goya/ Jab doosra aur koi nahin hota” made his contemporary Ghalib remark that Momin could take his entire dewan and give him just this pearl of a couplet in exchange.

Momin’s best work is Ab-e-Hayat (Parnassus literally, but water of paradise figuratively) Shouldn’t his grave and that of the great Mir Dard be preserved?

source: http://www.hindu.com / The Hindu – Online Edition / Home> Features> Magazine / Down Memory Lane  by  R V Smith  /  Monday – May 24th, 2004

Royal Absurdity

The former rulers of Lakshadweep want their kingdom back…or at least a modest raise in their royalty pension

Arakkal museum, Kannur (Photos: RITESH UTTAMCHANDANI)
Arakkal museum, Kannur (Photos: RITESH UTTAMCHANDANI)

Once upon a time, a queen lost her kingdom to a foreign invader. Under the terms of surrender, she was allowed to retain her title, inheritable by the seniormost member of the royal family. She was also assured an annual payment to maintain her standard of living. It was a generous sum back then. Then came the passage of time. Sovereigns vanished into history and elected governments came into existence. The royal family didn’t live happily ever after. Their annual pension, a fixed sum, was ravaged by inflation.

It began to look smaller and smaller, until it came to a point where it was not even as much as the monthly salary any of them earned.

And then the family decided to make a calculation. When they were first allotted that sum, how much gold could they have bought with it? And how much would that gold be worth today? This figure, they convinced themselves, was the sum that they should logically be getting.

And so they went to the government and asked for it. Else, they demanded their kingdom back. They will probably not get either.

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That, in short, is the story of the Arakkal family that once ruled the city of Cannanore (now Kannur) and Lakshadweep Islands, a reign that lasted five centuries. The trust that governs their affairs recently made the bizarre demand that the Indian government either raise their pension or return Lakshadweep.

I had to wait ten minutes after ringing the bell at the present queen’s residence in Talassery, a town 20 km away from Kannur. A huge house modelled on the original palace that is now a museum of history, it is as silent and empty as any other house along the Malabar coast whose members have left for greener pastures abroad. The queen has three sons, all working overseas, and one daughter. It is the daughter, who looks around 50, who opens the door and welcomes us in. She had been busy with her evening prayers and apologises for making us wait. She and her mother are the only two residents of this palatial house.

I am taken to the queen’s room, where the 92-year-old Sultan Arakkal Adi Raja Sainaba Aishabi, also known as Arakkal Beevi, reclines on a bed. More than three years ago, she had suffered a stroke and never fully recovered. But she welcomes me with a gladdening smile. I have to bend forward to catch the words of her broken voice.

“Journalists often come here,” she whispers, “though I am not well enough to talk. You may get sufficient information from my children. Please don’t forget to have tea and some food before you leave.”

I ask her whether she is aware of the Arakkal royal family trust’s demand. She answers with the same bright smile. It is her daughter who speaks. “She is too old to get into such headaches,” she says.

For centuries, the royal title has been passed along to the seniormost member of the family irrespective of gender. A male king would be called Ali Raja Adi Raja (‘lord of the sea’) and a female, Arakkal Beevi.

According to historians, the Arakkal Dynasty was Kerala’s only Muslim family of rulers. There is no consensus on their origins, but some say their assumption of power dates back to the 13th century.

According to a piece of local lore, the dynasty was founded by a minister of Kolathiri Raja (the then regional ruler) who converted to Islam and became a ruler.

Another says that the Arakkal royal family traces its lineage to Mohemmad Ali, a nephew of Cheraman Perumal (a regional ruler before the region split into different principalities) who is said to have embraced Islam. The only thing certain is that the Arakkal Dynasty had sovereign control of Cannanore that later extended to Lakshadweep islands off the coast of Kerala in the Arabian Sea.

The arrival of European seafaring powers bolstered their kingdom’s trade and commerce. They had a love-hate relationship with the Portuguese, the Dutch and the British. According to Dr A Sreedhara Menon, a scholar on Kerala history, the Arakkal principality of power came to an end in 1790, the year in which St Angelo Fort of Cannanore was stormed by General Abercromby, the then British Army general. Locally known as Kannur Fort, it had been built in 1505 by the Portuguese; it was later owned by the Dutch, who then sold it to the Arakkal king for Rs 1 lakh. The fort is now a tourist destination. The East India Company later forced the then Arakkal Beevi into an agreement under which she had to give up control of Lakshadweep islands. She was allowed possession of Cannanore city, but deprived of any claim to sovereignty. The East India Company pensioned off the Arakkals the same way they did other local kings and chieftains in India.

By 1900, the family had lost every trace of power. In 1905, they had to make another agreement with the British giving up all sovereign claims on Cannanore and Lakshadweep. In return, they were entitled to receive an annual pension, termed malikhana, of Rs 23,000. This is a sum they still get, though from the Government of India, which took over the obligations of the departing British.

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On 10 July this year, a decision was taken at a meeting of the royal family trust to press the demand for a raise (or a return ‘surrender’ of their kingdom). “It is not the first time we have made this demand,” says Ali Raja Adi Raja Hameed Hussain, the eldest male member of the royal family. We are at a shop he has in Kannur, where he runs the family business of spice exports. He takes a bundle of papers off a wooden shelf to show us. The stack includes copies of representations submitted to Central and state ministers to raise their malikhana. “We have been demanding a reasonable hike for long,” he says, “This time we decided to make it public through the media.”

While that may be so, why they consider their demand reasonable remains a mystery. India, after all, is a democracy and there is nothing that entitles them to such a payment. “We need money because we want to continue the charity work which had been done by our ancestors,” says Hameed Hussain. But why demand public money for purposes of charity?

“Because we are descendants of a sovereign ruler,” replies Ali Raja Mohammed Rafi, younger son of Arakkal Beevi Sainaba Aishabi, who runs an advertising agency in the UAE. “As per the contract of 1905 with the English East India Company, we are entitled to receive an amount sufficient to maintain the standards of royal living.”

The agreement, a copy of which is with Open, reads: ‘The Government would pay to the Adi Raja and to his heirs and successors a Malikhana of Rs 23,000 per annum in equal monthly installments one half being paid to him during his life and after his death to the head of the family for the time being as a personal grant for the maintenance of his position and dignity and the other half being paid to him and to his heirs and successors as heads of the family.’

Mohemmad Rafi, who is the managing trustee of the royal trust, says that Rs 23,000 was a huge amount in 1905. If calculated in terms of gold, he says, it would have bought 64 kg of the metal in 1905. “Considering the value of gold [now], we should get around Rs 14 crore per annum,” claims Mohemmad Rafi. “We know that is not practically viable and so we are demanding only a reasonable hike in the annual pension.”

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This is not the Arakkals’ only family tussle over ancestral property. There is an ongoing dispute with another family of Muslim landowners, the Keyis, over 1.4 million Saudi riyals—about Rs 2.2 crore—said to be lying in the Saudi Arabian government’s treasury. The exact sum cannot be verified, though many believe it to be in the tune of Rs 90 crore. About 150 years ago, a member of the Keyi family, Mayinkutty, is said to have built a guesthouse in Mecca to accommodate Hajj pilgrims from Malabar. In 1971, the Saudi government demolished this structure as part of a development exercise, allotting 1.4 million riyals as compensation to be handed over to the Keyi heirs. At that point, the Arakkal royal family also staked claim to the amount on the grounds that Mayinkutty had married one of their members, Aychi Beevi. “It is beyond dispute that we are the legal heirs of Mayinkutty Keyi and have legitimate claim over that property,” says Mohemmad Rafi.

The Kerala government recently appointed an IAS officer, TO Suraj, to look into the matter and take a final decision. He says that neither family might have any right to it. “In my understanding, the property was dedicated to the Wakf for the welfare of pilgrims,” says Suraj, “The government is trying to attach the property [for use of] the Wakf Board by due process.”

Professor Rajan Gurukkal, a historian and former vice-chancellor of Mahatma Gandhi University, thinks that would be ideal. “It should go to the government and be used for a public purpose,” he says. Gurukkal also thinks that the demand to raise the malikhana has no legal validity. Dr KKN Kurup, a historian of the Malabar region, author of a book on the Arakkal family’s history called Aliraja of Cannanore and former vice-chancellor of Calicut University, terms the demand “absolutely irrational”. He says there is no reason to spend public money on the upkeep of aristocracies and royalties of the past. “The  malikhana was maintained primarily on the condition that they should be loyal to the English East India Company. How can they claim the same even after independence? Does it mean that the Arakkal family is still loyal to the British? What if all the heirs of rulers of princely states make similar demands?”

source: http://www.openthemagazine.com / OPEN Magazine / Home> Open> Feature / by Shahina KK / August 23rd, 2013

After 2 years,Isa Khan Tomb reopens in new-found glory

SUMMARY

Humayun’s Tomb made news in 2010 when US President Barack Obama and wife Michelle were photographed here,staring at the monument’s majestic elegance.
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Humayun’s Tomb made news in 2010 when US President Barack Obama and wife Michelle were photographed here,staring at the monument’s majestic elegance. On Thursday,the World Heritage Day,the Humayun’s Tomb complex will return to make news again to announce the unveiling of its most attractive structure,Isa Khan’s Tomb,after a two-year-long restoration.

Isa Khan’s Tomb,part of UNESCO World Heritage Site of Humayun’s Tomb,has a dome that resembles a plump inverted flower. But time and state negligence had robbed this flower of its beauty and fragrance. A 27-month-long conservation drive has attempted to infuse that lost beauty back into the tomb.

The restoration drive was jointly funded and undertaken by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture and the World Monuments Foundation,with help from the Archeological Survey of India. The project is part of a larger urban renewal project in Delhi that includes 50 monuments.

On Thursday,Union Minister for Culture Chandresh Kumari Katoch will open Isa Khan’s Tomb to the public. Almost 2,000 school children will be taken there for a heritage walk and design workshops.

Isa Khan was a noble in the court of Sher Shah Suri in the 16th Century. Suri ruled Delhi between the reigns of Humayun and Akbar.

Isa Khan’s Tomb is a resplendent example of the concept of a garden tomb,which pervaded that era. It combines the garden and the grave,symbolic of life and death.

This tomb is the only historical monument in India which has been restored by a non-government body. A key official of the restoration project said other than returning the mausoleum its lost glory,the project has also successfully achieved its objective of imparting knowledge of traditional architecture and design to the craftsmen who worked on it.

“We got them trained in making tiles in the Central Asian style,where the Mughal and Suri dynasties originated,” he said.

Today,the Mughals are primarily associated with their taste for rich architecture — the Indo-Persian school of architecture. But their love for fruity and floral plantations was legendary. Mughal monuments were designed in the centre of gardens primarily consisting citrus plantations. That same refreshing,tangy citrus scent will burst into the precincts of Isa Khan’s garden tomb again now with the generous re-plantation of this genus.

When restoration was underway in 2011 at this garden tomb,serendipity visited the project team. The monument suddenly had India’s oldest “sunken garden”. The official said,“The idea was to align the tree top-level with the eye level,so that when one stands on the courtyard of the main structure,one sees a carpet of green,giving a ‘sinking’ effect to the encircling vegetation.”

For a monument to achieve the prestigious UNESCO World Heritage Site status,its features must contain an “outstanding universal value”. The Humayun’s Tomb complex made the cut because it is not just the mausoleum of the second Mughal emperor,but an ensemble of 16th Century garden tombs like Bu Halima,Batashewala,Neela Gumbad and others,besides Isa Khan’s tomb.

The restoration project’s staff boasts of an “inclusive approach” undertaken while giving the garden tomb complex a makeover.

“For us,the craftsmen were the project’s centerpiece. We focused on the quality of work and not the traditional dihaari (daily wages) system. We also employed latest technology,like laser scanning and GPRS pointing,to fine tune things. Laser scanning helped to make an error-free structural assessment of the monument and GPRS pointing helped to locate underground archeology,if any,before we started work,” the source said.

Revival of the Garden tomb

On World Heritage Day,Union Minister for Culture Chandresh Kumari Katoch will open the Isa Khan Tomb to visitors,after a 2-year restoration drive

Isa Khan was a noble in the court of Sher Shah Suri in the 16th Century

His mausoleum is an example of the concept of garden tomb,which pervades that era. It combines the garden and the grave,symbolic of life and death

Dome — resembling an inverted plump flower — had weathered owing to time and negligence

Restoration jointly funded,and undertaken by Aga Khan trust for Culture and World Monuments Foundation,with help from ASI

It is the only historical monument in India restored by a non-government body

The project is part of a larger urban renewal project in Delhi which includes 50 monuments

For the project,craftsmen were trained in making tiles in the Central Asian style,where the Mughal and the Suri dynasties originated

Along with a crafts-based approach,latest technology,like laser scanning and GPRS pointing,was used to fine tune the work.

source: http://www.indianexpress.com / The Indian Express / Home> Cities> Delhi / by Ruchika Talwar / New Delhi  / April 18th,  2013